2 de Annunt., 2: PG 89, 1377 AB; Serm. The laity have the right, as do all Christians, to receive in abundance from their spiritual shepherds the spiritual goods of the Church, especially the assistance of the word of God and of the sacraments (6*). Cf. (30*) The individual bishops, however, are the visible principle and foundation of unity in their particular churches, (31*) fashioned after the model of the universal Church, in and from which churches comes into being the one and only Catholic Church. Sacrosanctum Concilium, Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy, 1963. 68. Pius XII, Nuntius Radioph., 13 maii 1946: AAS 38 (1946) p. 266. Chapter I - The Mystery of the Church 1. S. Hilarius Pict., In Ps. (71) Ordo consecrationis sacerdotalis, in impositione vestimentorum. Encycl. (41), The Church, further, "that Jerusalem which is above" is also called "our mother". It is exercised under the guidance of the sacred teaching authority, in faithful and respectful obedience to which the people of God accepts that which is not just the word of men but truly the word of God. II, 7: PL 15, 1555. 16. (14) The Church, which the Spirit guides in way of all truth(15) and which He unified in communion and in works of ministry, He both equips and directs with hierarchical and charismatic gifts and adorns with His fruits. Through their baptism and confirmation all are commissioned to that apostolate by the Lord Himself. Damascenus, De fide orth., IV, 14: PG 94, 1153-1161. S. Thomas Summa Theol. Rerum omnium, 26 ian. Moving forward through trial and tribulation, the Church is strengthened by the power of God's grace, which was promised to her by the Lord, so that in the weakness of the flesh she may not waver from perfect fidelity, but remain a bride worthy of her Lord, and moved by the Holy Spirit may never cease to renew herself, until through the Cross she arrives at the light which knows no setting. Conc. Can., c. 487 et 488, 40. : PG 28, 252 ss. Rerum Orientalium, 8 sept. 1928: AAS 20 (1928) p. 287. Pius XI, Litt. etia Pius XII, Litt. ON NOVEMBER 21, 1964 CHAPTER I - THE MYSTERY OF THE CHURCH 1. this sacred Council, being gathered together in the Holy Spirit, that by proclaiming his Gospel to every creature (cf. Pius XII, Litt. 633-636; Denz. Therefore, let the laity devotedly strive to acquire a more profound grasp of revealed truth, and let them insistently beg of God the gift of wisdom. IV: Mansi 53, 290. cfr. In this temporal service, they will manifest to all men the love with which God loved the world. (20) Cfr. It seeks and experiences those things which are above, where Christ is seated at the right-hand of God, where the life of the Church is hidden with Christ in God until it appears in glory with its Spouse.(49). (3) S. Augustine, De S. Virginitate. Reviewed in the United States on December 16, 2021. (215) However, this holiness of the Church is unceasingly manifested, and must be manifested, in the fruits of grace which the Spirit produces in the faithful; it is expressed in many ways in individuals, who in their walk of life, tend toward the perfection of charity, thus causing the edification of others; in a very special way this (holiness) appears in the practice of the counsels, customarily called "evangelical." Encycl Mystici Corporis, 29 iun. . He is before all creatures and in Him all things hold together. The books of the Old Testament describe the history of salvation, by which the coming of Christ into the world was slowly prepared. Pius XII, Litt. 7, 7: PG S7, 8 I s. 5. Finally, those who have not yet received the Gospel are related to the People of God in various ways. And this is the infallibility which the Roman Pontiff, the head of the college of bishops, enjoys in virtue of his office, when, as the supreme shepherd and teacher of all the faithful, who confirms his brethren in their faith,(166) by a definitive act he proclaims a doctrine of faith or morals. Castf Connubii, 31 dec. 1930. L. VIII, cap. (11) S. Ign. (34) The Lord Himself compared Himself to the stone which the builders rejected, but which was made into the cornerstone. Mt. (73) (11*). Dogmatic Constitution on the Church: Lumen Gentium . This is done in virtue of his primacy over the entire Church in order to more fully provide for the necessities of the entire flock of the Lord and in consideration of the common good. Predestined from eternity by that decree of divine providence which determined the incarnation of the Word to be the Mother of God, the Blessed Virgin was on this earth the virgin Mother of the Redeemer, and above all others and in a singular way the generous associate and humble handmaid of the Lord. Can., can. Mystici Corporis, 1. c., pp 219-220; Denz. Lumen . Imitating the mother of her Lord, and by the power of the Holy Spirit, she keeps with virginal purity an entire faith, a firm hope and a sincere charity.(20*). (191) Therefore, the chosen People of God is one: "one Lord, one faith, one baptism"(192); sharing a common dignity as members from their regeneration in Christ, having the same filial grace and the same vocation to perfection; possessing in common one salvation, one hope and one undivided charity. Lumen Gentium provides the doctrinal basis for consecrated life in the Church, while Perfectae Caritatis, one of the shortest documents of the Council, articulates the "general principles which. (19) Cfr. For those who believe in Christ, who are reborn not from a perishable but from an imperishable seed through the word of the living God,(88) not from the flesh but from water and the Holy Spirit,(89) are finally established as "a chosen race, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a purchased people . Innocentius I, Epist. What specifically characterizes the laity is their secular nature. 27. 29. (290), 58. By the ministry of the word they communicate God's power to those who believe unto salvation(168) and through the sacraments, the regular and fruitful distribution of which they regulate by their authority,(56*) they sanctify the faithful. At the end of time it will gloriously achieve completion, when, as is read in the Fathers, all the just, from Adam and "from Abel, the just one, to the last of the elect,"(2*) will be gathered together with the Father in the universal Church. 1683 (2879). For all the salvific influence of the Blessed Virgin on men originates, not from some inner necessity, but from the divine pleasure. At a lower level of the hierarchy are deacons, upon whom hands are imposed "not unto the priesthood, but unto a ministry of service. Symbolum Apostolicum: Denz. Given in Rome at St. Peter's on November 21, 1964. Still further, some become subject of their own accord to another man, in the matter of perfection for love of God. Indeed the counsels, voluntarily undertaken according to each one's personal vocation, contribute a great deal to the purification of heart and spiritual liberty. 15-16, n. 44 et pp. (96) So likewise the new Israel which while living in this present age goes in search of a future and abiding city (97) is called the Church of Christ. 28:16-20; Mk. Pius XI, Litt. By reason of their state and rank in life they have their own special gift among the people of God. (62) Cfr. Dei Verbum, Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation, November 15, 1965. "(12*) All the Church's children should remember that their exalted status is to be attributed not to their own merits but to the special grace of Christ. (172) Let him not refuse to listen to his subjects, whom he cherishes as his true sons and exhorts to cooperate readily with him. They are fully incorporated in the society of the Church who, possessing the Spirit of Christ accept her entire system and all the means of salvation given to her, and are united with her as part of her visible bodily structure and through her with Christ, who rules her through the Supreme Pontiff and the bishops. Ordinis, cap. Deut. 341, 9, 11: PL 39, 1499 s. S. Io. By reason of the gift and role of divine maternity, by which she is united with her Son, the Redeemer, and with His singular graces and functions, the Blessed Virgin is also intimately united with the Church. Pius XII, Litt. The heart of this document its teaching in chapter five that the call to holiness is not limited to any one state in life, but is indeed universal, embracing all baptized Christians. 25. 11:13; 1 Tim. : Ed. 187S: Denz. Conc. 20:21-23. 72, a. (64*) By the power of the sacrament of Orders,(65*) in the image of Christ the eternal high Priest,(177) they are consecrated to preach the Gospel and shepherd the faithful and to celebrate divine worship, so that they are true priests of the New Testament. (5) Cfr. (6) Cfr. Due to the special circumstances of our time the foundations of this doctrine must be more thoroughly examined. Isaac de Stella, Serm. 3: Denz. This religious submission of mind and will must be shown in a special way to the authentic magisterium of the Roman Pontiff, even when he is not speaking ex cathedra; that is, it must be shown in such a way that his supreme magisterium is acknowledged with reverence, the judgments made by him are sincerely adhered to, according to his manifest mind and will. Because of this gift of sublime grace she far surpasses all creatures, both in heaven and on earth. 19, 1: PL 76, 1154 B. 264 et 234. Funk, I, p. 241. Pius IX itt. Vat. Iur. Encycl Divinum illud, 9 maii 1897: AAS 29 (1896-97) p. 6S0. The term laity is here understood to mean all the faithful except those in holy orders and those in the state of religious life specially approved by the Church. Pius XII Litt. etc. LUMEN GENTIUM SOLEMNLY PROMULGATED BY HIS HOLINESS POPE PAUL VI ON NOVEMBER 21, 1964 CHAPTER II: ON THE PEOPLE OF GOD 11. 1:22-23. (39) Cfr. 11. Deiparae: PG 98, 328 A; In Dorm. Let them assiduously keep away from whatever, either by word or deed, could lead separated brethren or any other into error regarding the true doctrine of the Church. Can., c. 29 1. This duty is to be undertaken to the extent of their capacities and in keeping with the proper type of their own vocation. Among the principal duties of bishops the preaching of the Gospel occupies an eminent place. (63) Cfr. 3, 7. They also recognize and accept other sacraments within their own Churches or ecclesiastical communities. The profession of the evangelical counsels, then, appears as a sign which can and ought to attract all the members of the Church to an effective and prompt fulfillment of the duties of their Christian vocation. The Church continually keeps before it the warning of the Apostle which moved the faithful to charity, exhorting them to experience personally what Christ Jesus had known within Himself. 28:18; Mk. 7, 7: PG 14, 1122 B. Ps.- Macarius, De Oratione, 11: PG 34, 861 AB. (60) Conc. (3) Cfr. In our own time, however, it is most urgent that this distinction and also this harmony should shine forth more clearly than ever in the lives of the faithful, so that the mission of the Church may correspond more fully to the special conditions of the world today. This Sacred Council, following closely in the footsteps of the First Vatican Council, with that Council teaches and declares that Jesus Christ, the eternal Shepherd, established His holy Church, having sent forth the apostles as He Himself had been sent by the Father;(136) and He willed that their successors, namely the bishops, should be shepherds in His Church even to the consummation of the world. 121-122: Tribuas eis, Domine, cathedram episcopalem ad regendam Ecclesiam tuam et plebem universam.. Cfr. I XXlV, can. passim. (17) Cfr. Many of them rejoice in the episcopate, celebrate the Holy Eucharist and cultivate devotion toward the Virgin Mother of God. All the faithful, scattered though they be throughout the world, are in communion with each other in the Holy Spirit, and so, he who dwells in Rome knows that the people of India are his members"(9*). Ps.-Petrus Dam. The Head of this Body is Christ. (12) Cfr. (22) Cfr. 71, 20, 33: PL 38, 463 s. S. Io. 59-60. (15) Cfr. (252) We strive therefore to please God in all things(253) and we put on the armor of God, that we may be able to stand against the wiles of the devil and resist in the evil day. Each and all these items which are set forth in this dogmatic Constitution have met with the approval of the Council Fathers. Trid., Sess. Encycl. 7, 111-116; Cow. ; Bardy, 11, p. 66 ss. They should ever nourish and strengthen their action from an abundance of contemplation, doing all this for the comfort of the entire Church of God. 218 (3642). They exercise their sacred function especially in the Eucharistic worship or the celebration of the Mass by which acting in the person of Christ (67*) and proclaiming His Mystery they unite the prayers of the faithful with the sacrifice of their Head and renew and apply (68*) in the sacrifice of the Mass until the coming of the Lord(179) the only sacrifice of the New Testament namely that of Christ offering Himself once for all a spotless Victim to the Father. It is true that those in holy orders can at times be engaged in secular activities, and even have a secular profession. In dorm. Rosweydus, Viqae Patrum, Antwerpiae 1628. (14) Cfr. 285 Cf. Fortified by so many and such powerful means of salvation, all the faithful, whatever their condition or state, are called by the Lord, each in his own way, to that perfect holiness whereby the Father Himself is perfect. This hierarchical communion of all the bishops with the Supreme Pontiff is certainly firmly established in Tradition. Chapter 1. V, 23-24: GCS 11, 1, p. 488 ss. 984 (1821) . Wherefore to promote the glory of God and procure the salvation of all of these, and mindful of the command of the Lord, "Preach the Gospel to every creature",(130) the Church fosters the missions with care and attention. For they not only had helpers in their ministry,(4*) but also, in order that the mission assigned to them might continue after their death, they passed on to their immediate cooperators, as it were, in the form of a testament, the duty of confirming and finishing the work begun by themselves,(5*) recommending to them that they attend to the whole flock in which the Holy Spirit placed them to shepherd the Church of God. 56, 3: Hartel, 111 B, p. 650; Bayard, p.154. S. Ignatius M., ad ephes. S. Andreas Cret., Hom. This collegial union is apparent also in the mutual relations of the individual bishops with particular churches and with the universal Church. 117:22. Let the faithful remember moreover that true devotion consists neither in sterile or transitory affection, nor in a certain vain credulity, but proceeds from true faith, by which we are led to know the excellence of the Mother of God, and we are moved to a filial love toward our mother and to the imitation of her virtues. (214) He united her to Himself as His own body and brought it to perfection by the gift of the Holy Spirit for God's glory. . 3, 7: PL 2, 357 C, CSEL 47, 3 p. 386. Mariac, sermo 4: PG 97, 865 A. (211), Let the spiritual shepherds recognize and promote the dignity as well as the responsibility of the laity in the Church. (237) At that time the human race as well as the entire world, which is intimately related to man and attains to its end through him, will be perfectly reestablished in Christ. V: PL 68, 924 BC. These elements, as gifts belonging to the Church of Christ, are forces impelling toward catholic unity. Bellarmino): Mansi 51, I 579 C, necnon Schema reformatum I Const. Annus sacer, 8 dec. 1950, AAS 43 (1951) p. 27 s. Pius XII, Cons. The religious state clearly manifests that the Kingdom of God and its needs, in a very special way, are raised above all earthly considerations. (133) Wherefore she makes the words of the Apostle her own: "Woe to me, if I do not preach the Gospel",(134) and continues unceasingly to send heralds of the Gospel until such time as the infant churches are fully established and can themselves continue the work of evangelizing. : PL 16, 320. 35, De invocatione, veneratione et reliquiis Sanctorum et sacris imaginibus: Denz. Didache, 14: ed. Encycl. 3869-72. 1904: Acta, I, p. 154- Denz. II-II, q. Oec. 2:6; Col. 2:12 etc. He is the beginning, the firstborn from the dead, that in all things He might have the first place. Sacramentarium Gregorianum: PL 78, 160 B.Vel C. Mohlberg, Liber Sactamentorum romanae ecclesiae, Romao 195O, p. 111, XC:.Deus, qui ex omni coaptacione sanctorum aeternum tibi condis habitaculum.. Hymnus Urbs Ierusalem beata in Breviario monastico, et Coclest urbs Ierusalem in Breviario Romano. 1, 5; S. Clem. S. Gregorius M., Mor. Christ is the Light of nations. ib., III, 19, 26: col. 152; V, 18, 24: col. 189; In Io. Because this is so, this Sacred Synod gathered together in the Holy Spirit eagerly desires, by proclaiming the Gospel to every creature,(1) to bring the light of Christ to all men, a light brightly visible on the countenance of the Church. This was the way certain men and women assisted Paul the Apostle in the Gospel, laboring much in the Lord. By divine Providence it has come about that various churches, established in various places by the apostles and their successors, have in the course of time coalesced into several groups, organically united, which, preserving the unity of faith and the unique divine constitution of the universal Church, enjoy their own discipline, their own liturgical usage, and their own theological and spiritual heritage. I, Const. Thus in their diversity all bear witness to the wonderful unity in the Body of Christ. Understanding Lumen Gentium is essential to the interpretation of the Council's subsequent documents, especially Unitatis Redintegratio. Pius XII, Litt. God's covenant relationship with the chosen people 'I will . He Himself stands as the author and consumator of this holiness of life: "Be you therefore perfect, even as your heavenly Father is perfect". Lumen Gentium, Vatican II's constitution on the Church, became famous (or rather, notorious) for its heretical teaching of collegiality. 3913 ss. Funk, I, p. 265 s.; 282; 232 246 s. 23, sacr. : Mansi 1215 CD, 1216-1217 A. It is through the sacraments and the exercise of the virtues that the sacred nature and organic structure of the priestly community is brought into operation. In all of Christ's disciples the Spirit arouses the desire to be peacefully united, in the manner determined by Christ, as one flock under one shepherd, and He prompts them to pursue this end. Encycl. 21:24. 693 (1305). Rom., ad Cor. Pius XI, Litt. 984-988 (1821-1824); Sess. He does this not only through the hierarchy who teach in His name and with His authority, but also through the laity whom He made His witnesses and to whom He gave understanding of the faith (sensu fidei) and an attractiveness in speech(200) so that the power of the Gospel might shine forth in their daily social and family life. On the contrary it fosters and takes to itself, insofar as they are good, the ability, riches and customs in which the genius of each people expresses itself. Alloc. The Church not only raises the religious profession to the dignity of a canonical state by her approval, but even manifests that this profession is a state consecrated to God by the liturgical setting of that profession. 5 ed. S. Io. (282), THE BLESSED VIRGIN MARY, MOTHER OF GOD IN THE MYSTERY OF CHRIST AND THE CHURCH, 52. Catech. 2333 (3903). (39*) For bishops are preachers of the faith, who lead new disciples to Christ, and they are authentic teachers, that is, teachers endowed with the authority of Christ, who preach to the people committed to them the faith they must believe and put into practice, and by the light of the Holy Spirit illustrate that faith. 44, 7: PG SS, 193. (25) From this source the Church, equipped with the gifts of its Founder and faithfully guarding His precepts of charity, humility and self-sacrifice, receives the mission to proclaim and to spread among all peoples the Kingdom of Christ and of God and to be, on earth, the initial budding forth of that kingdom. 20-21. 1957: AAS 49 (1957) pp. Funk, I, p. 266. Chalcedonense, ib. Funk, Didascalia, I, p. 530. 1, Schema Const. Mc lc. Conc. Funk, I, p. 252. 4, 1;-12: col. 387. In virtue of his office, that is as Vicar of Christ and pastor of the whole Church, the Roman Pontiff has full, supreme and universal power over the Church. (22) Conc. Let him do this for the increased holiness of the Church, for the greater glory of the one and undivided Trinity, which in and through Christ is the fount and the source of all holiness. 940 (1743). S. Cornelius I, apud S. Cyprianum, Epist. (6) Cfr. 42. Modus 40 and the statements on canonical mission (n. 24). 2, 20; Apoc. LUMEN GENTIUM SOLEMNLY PROMULGATED BY HIS HOLINESS POPE PAUL VI ON NOVEMBER 21, 1964 ! (199) Together with the offering of the Lord's body, they are most fittingly offered in the celebration of the Eucharist. Origenes, Comm. Read more. (13) S. Clem. In this way they may make Christ known to others, especially by the testimony of a life resplendent in faith, hope and charity. (115) These charisms, whether they be the more outstanding or the more simple and widely diffused, are to be received with thanksgiving and consolation for they are perfectly suited to and useful for the needs of the Church. 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