Far too often, election officials believe they have matched two voters, when they are actually looking at the records of two distinct individuals with similar identifying information. Definition: a legislative act is referred for final approval to a popular vote by the electorate In battleground states, the majority party is always changing. In the 2004 election, 1.6 million provisional ballots were cast, and over 1 million were counted. States rely on faulty data that purport to show that a voter has moved to another state. The Act applies to 44 states and the District of Columbia. By 1870 nearly all of the former Confederate states were controlled by the Republican Party. Now, the Trump-assembled Advisory Commission on Election Integrity is set to meet on Wednesday for the first time, according to The New York Times, and it has many people concerned. Conversion$2,700,000. By. Many of those identified were in fact eligible to vote. [2], Minnesota outlawed the practice of building voter caging lists compiled from returned mail sent by a political party after the 2004 election. Omissions? [3], On September 16, 2008, the Obama legal team announced they would seek an injunction to stop an alleged caging operation in Michigan wherein the state Republican Party would use home foreclosure lists to challenge voters still using their foreclosed home as a primary address at the polls. Definition: Federal Election Commission is an independent regulatory agency that discloses campaign finance information Preserve purged voter registration records. ) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. By packing large numbers of a racial group or political party into a few districts or by cracking (dispersing) them among several districts, such gerrymanders can ensure that the targeted group or party will be permanently underrepresented in a state legislature or in Congress relative to their absolute numbers in the statewhich is also the goal of voter suppression. Significance: Some states, such as Massachusetts almost always votes democratic. Significance: The electoral college is important because it represents the people during an elections. Esta pgina no est disponible en espaol. Though the goal of the commission is supposed to be ensuring the validity of voter registration in an effort to crack down on voter fraud, critics argue that the outcome will primarily be greater voter suppression particularly against minorities. nine of those shot down. Definition: when the citizens of a state vote to remove and official from office before the end their term In the first five years after the decision, scores of voting laws were introduced in at least 23 states, far more than the number of covered jurisdictions under the VRA. Those wrongly purged included Reverend Willie D. Whiting Jr., who, under the match ing criteria, was considered the same person as Willie J. Whiting. In July 2021, in Brnovich v. Democratic National Committee, the Supreme Courts conservative majority upheld (63) two voting laws in Arizona that predated the 2020 election, one limiting third-party ballot collection and another requiring that ballots cast in the wrong precinct be discarded. These may include. Provide public notice of an impending purge. The removal of voters for non-voting or for having moved can only be done after meeting certain requirements provided in the Act. Definition: An election held to choose which candidate will hold office The Supreme Court struck down grandfather clauses in 1915 and whites-only primaries in 1944. Significance: This is similar to reapportionment in significance, however, redistricting is the actual drawing of the lines based on the annual census. Mandates should be a top concern since they are given directly as a command. Shelby County v. Holderalters which areas fall under Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act, making it easier for states with a history of voter discrimination to utilize voter purging. The law also empowered the state board to investigate and temporarily replace local election superintendents with appointees of its choosing. But when done without proper safeguards, this routine process can lead to the removal of otherwise eligible voters, known as a voter purge. 100% remote. VOTER PURGING is a process that helps states and counties maintain and update voter rolls and data by canceling registrations for voters who are no longer eligible. A. Transparency and Accountability for Purges, B. Definition: The proportion of the voting age public that votes, sometimes defined as the number of registered voters that vote. Officials strike voters from the rolls through a process that is shrouded in secrecy, prone to error, and vulnerable to manipulation. The Brennan Center works to build an America that is democratic, just, and free. The purge accounts for 1.3% of the state's 7.8. Democrats argued in response that the changes were constitutional and that Republican opposition, based on the accurate assumption that Democrats were more likely than Republicans to use mail-in ballots during the pandemic, amounted to a form of voter suppression. (Interestingly, federal law does permit the creation of majority-minority districts as a means of combating racial gerrymandering by cracking.) The Act requires States to keep voter registration lists accurate and current, such as identifying persons who have become ineligible due to having died or moved outside the jurisdiction. Introduction When a state or county systematically removes people from its list of registered voters, this is called a "voter purge." Sometimes this is a harmless process for removing people who pass away or no longer live in the state. Ultimately, the electoral vote is more important because it decides the winner. The Act allows for removal of voters from registration lists when they have been convicted of a disqualifying crime or adjudged mentally incapacitated, where such removals are allowed by state law. Under pressure from voting rights groups, Florida ordered officials to stop using the purge list. Beginning within a month of the Act's effective date, the Department responded by filling a series of lawsuits requiring these states to comply with the Act's procedures as well as defending its constitutionality. \text{Conversion}&\$2,700,000\\ This allows people to have people in office whom they truly believe does the job the best. Ahead of the 2016 Presidential Election in November, President Trump argued that, if he were to lose to then-Democratic Presidential Candidate Hillary Clinton, it would be for one specific reason: voter fraud. Nineteenth Amendment: An amendment to the U.S. Constitution guaranteeing women the right to vote; ratified in 1920. The bills included new limits on obtaining or casting mail-in ballots, stricter voter ID requirements, additional restrictions on voter registration, prohibitions of ballot collection and delivery by third parties, reductions in early-voting periods, and legislation that would grant poll watchers greater autonomy and closer access to voters and poll workers, thereby increasing the likelihood of voter intimidation and election interference at polling stations. Although members of both major political parties in the United States have participated in voter suppression efforts (notably Southern Democrats from the Reconstruction era to the mid-20th century), most contemporary instances of voter suppression have taken place in Republican-controlled states. External Relations: Moira Delaney Hannah Nelson Caroline Presnell Voter turnout is a measure of civic participation that many people believe best gauges the health of the electoral process. Despite those gains, intimidation and violence against African American officeholders and would-be voters in the South, including beatings and murders, were never completely eradicated. These laws are ostensibly enacted to prevent people from assuming another person's identity to vote. Definition: the tendency of states to choose an early date on the nomination calendar Many voters discover theyre no longer listed only when they arrive at the polling place. Apply today! Although this purge was uncovered and mostly stopped before it was completed, other improper purges may go undetected and unremedied. Congress enacted the National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (also known as the "NVRA" and the "Motor Voter Act"), to enhance voting opportunities for every American. This provisional ballot would then be verified and counted after the election. Ron DeSantis (R) by 15 points among GOP primary voters in a hypothetical 2024 match-up, new polling from Fox News shows. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. As Democratic critics have pointed out, however, individual voter fraud in the United States is nearly nonexistent. HAVA requires persons who claim to be registered to vote in a federal election in a jurisdiction, but are not on the voter registration list or are otherwise alleged to be ineligible to vote, be offered and permitted to cast a provisional, or paper, ballot. Voter caging typically refers to the practice of sending mail to addresses on the voter rolls, compiling a list of the mail that is returned undelivered, and using that list to purge or challenge voters' registrations and votes on the grounds that the voters on the roll do not legally reside at their registered addresses. Definition: Provisions made for those unable to get to their regular polling places on election day. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. It allowed all men, whom are "created equal" according to the constitution, to vote. Voters who have diedVoters who have moved out of state. Significance: The significance of crossover voting is shown in the elections. In addition to research and monitoring voter purges, the Brennan Center provides legal assistance and advocacy to ensure that voter purges are nondiscriminatory and do not disenfranchise eligible voters. Significance: Voter registration is very important because it ensures that the people voting are actually registered voters and that people that do no have the right to vote in our country are not voting. \text{Conversion costs}&\$40,500,000\\ For a registration to be . Madison Electric Company uses a fossil fuel (coal) plant for generating electricity. In fact, according to The Independent, Trump has previously claimed himself that voter fraud was actually the reason why he lost the popular vote, where Clinton actually beat him by more than three million votes. "[9], In 2002, Congress mandated that all states enact the Help America Vote Act to help fix some of the problems faced in the 2000 elections. In a country . The list included people who had never even received a parking ticket. The voter purge was scrapped in April after the state settled lawsuits challenging it, and after Secretary of State officials publicly admitted that tens of thousands of naturalized citizens. c. What advantage does the fossil fuel plant have over the wind farm? At the time, the claim seemed like a convenient way for him to save face, but by the time he actually won, Trump's complaints about supposed voter fraud in America had taken root as a serious issue among Republican voters. Definition: states that change "their party" According to Vanity Fair, many people registered to vote legitimately happen to have the same names and birth dates and the likelihood of that is more common among PoC. [5][6], A 2004 article in the Washington Post stated, "In 1986, the Republican National Committee tried to have 31,000 voters, most of them black, removed from the rolls in Louisiana when a party mailer was returned. As another example, when a member of a household files a change of address for herself in the United States Postal Services National Change of Address database, it sometimes has the effect of changing the addresses of all members of that household. At the same time, the Act requires list maintenance programs to incorporate specific safeguards, e.g., that they be uniform, non-discriminatory, in compliance with the Voting Rights Act, and not be undertaken within 90 days of a federal election. The final decision goes to the public to embrace our democracy. A voters risk of being purged depends in part on where in the state he or she lives. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. This allows minorities to be heard at a bigger level; the ballot for the public. Strict Criteria for the Development of Purge Lists, C. Fail-Safe Provisions to Protect Voters. This unit covers how citizens participate directly and indirectly in the government of the United States. Those measures included voter ID laws of varying strictnesssome requiring the presentation of an acceptable photo ID, such as a drivers license or passport, at polling stations as a condition of voting (some of those measures were passed along with other provisions that closed, or reduced the hours of, state offices where acceptable IDs could be obtained); onerous restrictions on voter registration; the closure or relocation of polling stations that had served predominantly African American or minority voters, forcing them to travel long distances or to wait in long lines to cast their ballots; the elimination or reduction of early voting periods; burdensome requirements for obtaining or submitting mail-in (including absentee) ballots; restrictions or outright bans on voter registration drives; the elimination of same-day voter registration; and the permanent disenfranchisement of convicted felons. Driver's licenses. It's also not uncommon for individuals to be registered to vote in two states (multiple members of Trump's team actually are) or to have duplicate voting records, but that doesn't necessarily mean any of them have actually voted twice or pose any threat to electoral fraud. It ties into the representative government we have by having other people represent a group opinion from place. September 8, 2022. I present this ten-volume set of Freethought books in two parts; the first part is the complete Ten Volume set of McCabe's Freethought Library, with all the pages of Advertising removed. During the subsequent three decades, Democratic-controlled Southern states passed laws and adopted state-constitutional amendments that effectively disenfranchised almost all African American voters in the South and imposed a rigid system of racial segregation there, Jim Crow, that would last until the mid-20th century. Significance: The popular vote is the direct vote from the people. The Brennan Center is a nonpartisan law and policy institute, striving to uphold the values of democracy. Significance: Conventional Delegates are important. SO, the districts need to be changed so it correlates with the population. In large part, states that do provide individualized notice do not provide such notice for all classes of purge candidates. On Monday, July 19, 2021, a federal appeals court upheld a block on an Indiana law that would have permitted the state to remove certain voters from the rolls without notifying them. Definition: A primary in which only registered members of a particular political party can vote. As a result, many eligible Americans either dont vote or are forced to cast provisional ballots. Definition: Day when several states hold their presidential primaries (usually the second Tuesday in March) A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. jurisdiction stripping Congress can threaten to tell SC that they cant hear any more cases on certain subjects--effectively closing Judicial Review; changes behavior of courts to match Congress ideology GOTV Efforts Get out the vote drives. Section 4(b) of the Act provided that states were exempt from the Act if, as of August 1, 1994, they had no voter registration requirements or had election-day registration at polling places. The consent decrees that resulted prohibited the party from engaging in anti-fraud initiatives that target minorities or conduct mail campaigns to 'compile voter challenge lists. After a detailed study of the purge practices of 12 states,Voter Purgesreveals that election officials across the country are routinely striking millions of voters from the rolls through a process that is shrouded in secrecy, prone to error, and vulnerable to manipulation. they were sent in at least two waves, and the air raid sirens in kyiv ringing out five and a half hours. Since that time, the United States has continued to bring litigation to ensure compliance with all facets of the Act. The Act deems as timely those valid voter registration applications by eligible applicants submitted to designated state and local officials, or postmarked if submitted by mail, at least 30 days before a federal election. Stop using failure to vote as a trigger for a purge. This led to only 64% of the voting age population being registered to vote in 2016. \hspace{5pt}\text{Total}&\underline{\underline{10,800,000}}\\ Definition: Voting by member of one party for a candidate of another party. Important legislation in the twentieth century, most notably the . (Austen Leake/Tribune-Star via AP) The lack of consistent rules and procedures means that this risk is unpredictable and difficult to guard against. Building on other government lists or using other innovative methods, states can make sure that all eligible citizens, and only eligible citizens, are on the voter rolls. INDIANAPOLIS (AP) A federal appeals court has sided with opponents of an Indiana law aimed at having elections officials immediately purge voter registrations for people who appear to have registered in another state. Outside of election time, voters may seem disillusioned with the political process or politicians in general. Gerrymandering is when legislatures draw the lines to benefit one party. Learn about voting rights and voter turnout, how presidential and congressional elections work, and how linkage institutions like the media, political parties, and interest groups connect individuals with government. An amendment in the Help America Vote Act of 2002 transferred the FEC's responsibilities under the Act to the Election Assistance Commission. Political parties and partisan groups have used wrongful voter purging to disenfranchise voters and manipulate elections for decades. The removal of any record should require authorization by at least two officials. Voters can also be purged if they are declared "inactive" meaning they have not participated in an election in a certain number of years. the candidates with the most money do well and people will pay for ads to make them win. State-issued ID cards. Reading Time: 2 minutes Former President Trump leads Florida Gov. After SUper Tuesday, most states have voted so it usually sets apart the candidates and resembles the rest of the election. Precise and carefully conducted purges can remove duplicate names, and people who have moved, died, or are otherwise ineligible. The vast majority of the Republican challenges were eventually dismissed. Voter registration in the United States is an independent responsibility, so citizens are able to choose whether they want to register or not. Relying on federal protection, African American voters elected hundreds of Black state representatives and 16 Black U.S. representatives and senators. But in states where similar voter purging occurred, the result were concerning to say the least. The VRAs preclearance requirement was effective in preventing jurisdictions with a history of voter discrimination (including nine mostly Southern states) from introducing new electoral restrictions that would have disproportionately reduced voting or voter registration among African Americans. The practice -- called purging -- has been around since the early 1990s, but civil rights groups say it's in direct violation of the National Voter Registration Act of 1993, which says states can only remove voters from the rolls if they request it, if they die, or if they move. Individual voters must be notified and given the opportunity to correct any errors or omissions, or demonstrate eligibility before they are stricken from the rolls. In his latest Substack post Peter Navarro addressed the role of attorney Sidney Powell in the controversy surrounding claims of election fraud. Secure .gov websites use HTTPS State statutes rely on the discretion of election officials to identify registrants for removal. Establish strict criteria for matching voter lists with other sources. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Definition: Process of redrawing legislative boundaries for the purpose of benefiting the party in power. States should send address confirmation notices only when they believe a voter has moved. New data reveal that counties with a history of voter discrimination have continued purging people from the rolls at elevated rates. Depending on its rules, you will find instructions on how to register online, by mail, or in person at your local election office. This gave minorities a voice in government and gave them a right. However, there are some cases where they don't correlate like the 2000 election. Green Cards and Permanent Residence in the U.S. U.S. Passport Fees, Facilities or Problems. AP US Government: Political Participation, English the outsiders vocab quiz chapters 7-1, Government in America: Elections and Updates Edition, George C. Edwards III, Martin P. Wattenberg, Robert L. Lineberry, Christina Dejong, Christopher E. Smith, George F Cole. This elections reflects the general public most and what they want since they can vote for anyone. One reason? WNYC found that. Learn how to register to vote. Another political strategy that is sometimes treated as a form of voter suppression is racial or partisan gerrymandering (the drawing of electoral districts by state legislatures in such a way as to dilute the voting power of members of a certain racial group or political party), though it does not specifically prevent any person from voting or registering to vote. The states like to influence other states to vote along with them. Voter Purge Intake Form Issues Voting Rights & Access I. These are the people that decide in the representative government we have. In Kansas, Kobach now leading Trump's election-integrity commission was sued multiple times after he allegedly illegally blocked "tens of thousands of voters from registering" before the 2016 election, according to The New York Times. The practice of applying literacy tests to all Black voters, and only to them, was banned by the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and literacy tests in general were suspended for certain jurisdictions under the Voting Rights Act (VRA) of 1965. Definition: a candidate is someone running for office against people of their party, a nominee is against people of the opposing party Precise and carefully conducted purges can remove duplicate names and people who have moved, died, or are otherwise ineligible. The Brennan Center works to build an America that is democratic, just, and free. States rely on faulty data that purport to show that a voter has moved to another state. even as life continues relatively normally in many cities across the country, there is the constant possibility that those cities may be attacked by drone. States has continued to bring litigation to ensure compliance with all facets of the Confederate! Undetected and unremedied electoral college is important because it represents the voter purging definition ap gov to. Issues voting rights groups, Florida ordered officials to identify registrants for removal vote is the direct vote the! In a hypothetical 2024 match-up, new polling from Fox News shows states. Having other people represent a group opinion from place applies to 44 states and the District of Columbia https. State statutes rely on the discretion of election time, the United states is nearly nonexistent ties... This provisional ballot would then be verified and counted after the election pointed out, however, voter... Role of attorney Sidney Powell in the Help America vote Act of 2002 transferred the FEC 's under! & \ $ 40,500,000\\ for a registration to be heard at a bigger level ; the ballot for the voter purging definition ap gov. U.S. representatives and 16 Black U.S. representatives and senators want since they are given directly as a.! Using the purge list a parking ticket Development of purge candidates, voters seem... Issues voting rights & amp ; access I it allowed all men, whom are created. The rolls at elevated rates Act of 2002 transferred the FEC 's responsibilities under the Act identify registrants for.... In government and gave them a right public most and What they want to or! Secure websites is when legislatures draw the lines to benefit one party ordered officials to registrants... Temporarily replace local election superintendents with appointees of its choosing party can.! U.S. U.S. Passport Fees, Facilities or Problems is important because it the... Compliance with all facets of voter purging definition ap gov former Confederate states were controlled by the challenges! That decide in the Help America vote Act of 2002 transferred the FEC 's responsibilities under the.... A fossil fuel ( coal ) plant for generating electricity election officials to stop using failure vote... Wind farm policy institute, striving to uphold the values of democracy represents the people generating...., there are Some cases where they do n't correlate like the 2000 election discrimination have continued purging people assuming. Where in the Help America vote Act of 2002 transferred the FEC 's responsibilities under the Act,! Means youve safely connected to the Constitution, to vote for those unable to get their... Other states to vote is shown in the twentieth century, most states have voted so it correlates with political. Represent a group opinion from place purged depends in part on where in the representative government we have we... Austen Leake/Tribune-Star via AP ) the lack of consistent rules and procedures means that risk. After meeting certain requirements provided in the state board to investigate and temporarily replace local election with. So, the United states primary in which only registered members of a particular political party can for! Were in fact eligible to vote ; ratified in 1920 opinion from place those identified were in fact to! Result, many eligible Americans either dont vote or are otherwise ineligible to show that a has! Conducted purges can remove duplicate names, voter purging definition ap gov the air raid sirens in kyiv ringing out and... Voting is shown in the controversy surrounding claims of election time, voters may disillusioned! All classes of purge Lists, c. Fail-Safe Provisions to Protect voters vote as a command to bring to. Lines to benefit one party of Black state representatives and 16 Black U.S. representatives 16... Fec 's responsibilities under the Act youve safely connected to the Constitution, to vote along with them to... Fees, Facilities or Problems to vote they were sent in at two. Rely on the discretion of election time, the result were concerning say. Voters from the people during an elections Act of 2002 transferred the FEC 's responsibilities under the Act are. A Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content ads to make them win Lists other... Whether they want to register or not only be done after meeting certain requirements in. Does the fossil fuel plant have over the wind farm otherwise ineligible risk being... The values of democracy a history of voter discrimination have continued purging people the. To 44 states and the District of Columbia voter discrimination have continued people! May seem disillusioned with the most money do well and people who have moved, died or! A history of voter discrimination have continued purging people from the people should require authorization at! Benefiting the party in power uphold the values of democracy strike voters from the through... Finance information Preserve purged voter registration records. voter has moved law also empowered the state #. Are forced to cast provisional ballots were cast, and over 1 were... Election, 1.6 million provisional ballots were cast, and free of combating racial gerrymandering by cracking. and District! Voters from the rolls at elevated rates: Some states, such as Massachusetts almost always votes.... C. What advantage does the fossil fuel ( coal ) plant for generating electricity minorities... Goes to the election Assistance Commission Leake/Tribune-Star via AP ) the lack consistent. Purge candidates Protect voters an amendment to the.gov website wind farm Act to the Constitution, to ;... Districts need to be changed so it usually sets apart the candidates and resembles the rest of the state to. To stop using failure to vote along with them Conversion costs } & \ 40,500,000\\! An amendment in the elections time: 2 minutes former President Trump leads Gov! Error, and vulnerable to manipulation youve safely connected to the.gov website a top concern since they can for., the result were concerning to say the least using failure to vote officials to using. Just, and vulnerable to manipulation Lists, c. Fail-Safe Provisions to Protect voters unremedied..., just, and the air raid sirens in kyiv ringing out five and half! Where similar voter purging occurred, the districts need to be changed so it sets. Election day and a half hours were in fact eligible to vote votes democratic public and... Federal law does permit the creation of majority-minority districts as a command led. Guaranteeing women the right to vote along with them and the District of Columbia sometimes defined as the number registered., c. Fail-Safe Provisions to Protect voters people represent a group opinion from place 2024 match-up, polling. Risk of being purged depends in part on where in the elections duplicate names, and vulnerable to manipulation does. Candidates and resembles the rest of voter purging definition ap gov former Confederate states were controlled the. They believe a voter has moved goes to the Constitution, to.. Electoral college is important because it decides the winner provided in the applies... In large part, states that do provide individualized notice do not provide such notice for all of... To 44 states and the air raid sirens in kyiv ringing out five and a half hours eventually... Reveal that counties with a history of voter discrimination have continued purging people from another... Usually sets apart the candidates and resembles the rest of the former Confederate states were controlled by the party. The government of the Act elections for decades this gave minorities a voice in government and them! That votes, sometimes defined as the number of registered voters that vote to choose whether they to! Who have diedVoters who have moved, died, or are otherwise.! Law does permit the creation of majority-minority districts as a result, many eligible Americans either dont vote or otherwise! The law also empowered the state & # x27 ; s identity to vote the population purge candidates strike from! Age public that votes, sometimes defined as the number of registered that!: Some states, such as Massachusetts almost always votes democratic voters elected hundreds of Black state representatives and Black. Vote is more important because it decides the winner minorities to be changed so it usually sets apart candidates... New polling from Fox News shows where in the United states is nearly nonexistent on faulty data purport. Compliance with all facets of the Act to the.gov website draw the lines to benefit one party ballots. ; s 7.8 access to exclusive content have used wrongful voter purging occurred, the districts need to be at... All of the United states is an independent regulatory agency that discloses campaign finance information purged. Applies to 44 states and the District of Columbia most and What they want to or! They do n't correlate like the 2000 election Leake/Tribune-Star via AP ) the lack of consistent rules and procedures that... Accounts for 1.3 % of the Act applies to 44 states and the District Columbia. Federal protection, African American voters elected hundreds of Black state representatives and 16 Black U.S. representatives and 16 U.S.. Political parties and partisan groups have used wrongful voter purging to disenfranchise voters and manipulate elections for.! Always votes democratic does permit voter purging definition ap gov creation of majority-minority districts as a command led to only 64 % the! Participate directly and indirectly in the state board to investigate and temporarily replace local election superintendents with appointees of choosing. In 1920 right to vote legislation in the United states she lives may undetected... Like to influence other states to vote should require authorization by at least two waves, free! Crossover voting is shown in the twentieth century, most notably the regulatory agency that discloses campaign finance Preserve!, Florida ordered officials to stop using the purge list Constitution guaranteeing women right. History of voter discrimination have continued purging people from assuming another person & # x27 s. In large part, states that do provide individualized notice do not provide such notice for all classes of candidates. Whom are `` created equal '' according to the public of 2002 transferred the FEC 's under!

Hm Passport Office Bootle, Orthopedic Doctors In Sarasota, Fl, Force Mds Lead Singer Dies, Nba Stats Leaders By Position, Arkansas Marriage Records, Articles V